The Bulldog is a national icon. With his rolling gait, sourmug face, and low-slung, powerful body, he is the symbol of British determination and spirit. But don’t let the tough exterior fool you. The modern Bulldog is a lover, not a fighter. He is one of the most gentle, affectionate, and easygoing breeds in the world.

He is happiest on the sofa, snoring loudly, with his head in your lap. He is a dog who has retired from the ring to enjoy the good life. He loves children, tolerates other pets, and asks for very little other than food, air conditioning, and affection.

History and Origin: From Bullbaiting to Baby

The history of the Bulldog is a testament to the power of selective breeding. Originally, the Bulldog was bred in England for the bloody sport of bullbaiting. He was taller, heavier, and infinitely more aggressive than the dog we know today. He was bred to grab a bull by the nose and hold on at all costs. This required immense jaw strength, a low center of gravity, and a high pain threshold. When bullbaiting was outlawed in 1835, the breed faced extinction. But a group of admirers saw potential in the dog’s loyalty and courage. They began breeding out the aggression and breeding in the gentle, docile temperament. Within a few generations, the fierce gladiator was transformed into the sweet-natured companion we know today.

Physical Characteristics

The Bulldog is a medium-sized dog, but he is incredibly heavy and dense. He is built like a brick.

• Height: 14-15 inches (36-38 cm).
• Weight: 40-50 pounds (18-23 kg).

Distinctive Features

• Head: Massive, square, and covered in wrinkles. The muzzle is extremely short and pushed back (brachycephalic). The jaw is undershot, with the lower teeth protruding.
• Body: Low-slung, wide, and heavy. The chest is extremely broad. The front legs are set wide apart.
• Shoulders: Massive and muscular.
• Tail: Short, set low, and either straight or screwed.
• Gait: A distinctive rolling shuffle.

Temperament and Personality: The Gentle Tank

The Bulldog’s temperament is his greatest asset.

The Couch Potato

He is notoriously lazy. He will sleep for most of the day. He is the perfect companion for a movie marathon.

The Sweetheart

He is incredibly affectionate. He loves everyone. He is particularly good with children and is known for his patience. He will let toddlers climb on him without a grumble.

The Stubborn Mule

He is determined. If he doesn’t want to move, he won’t. You cannot force a 50-pound Bulldog to walk if he has decided he is done.

Training and Exercise Needs

Exercise

The Bulldog has very low exercise needs.

• Daily: A short, cool walk in the morning or evening is enough.
• Heat Sensitivity: This is critical. Bulldogs cannot tolerate heat. Their short noses make it impossible for them to cool down efficiently. Never exercise a Bulldog in hot or humid weather. Air conditioning is mandatory.

Training

He is smart but stubborn.

• Motivation: He works for food. He will do anything for a treat.
• Patience: He moves at his own pace. Do not expect speed or precision.

Health and Lifespan

The Bulldog is a high-maintenance breed health-wise. Lifespan is 8 to 10 years.

• Brachycephalic Airway Syndrome: Narrow nostrils and elongated soft palates make breathing difficult. Many Bulldogs require surgery to breathe comfortably.
• Skin Infections: The deep wrinkles on the face and tail pocket must be cleaned daily to prevent yeast and bacterial infections.
• Hip Dysplasia: Extremely common due to their structure.
• Cherry Eye: Prolapse of the third eyelid gland.
• Cesarean Sections: Due to the large heads of the puppies and narrow hips of the mothers, almost all Bulldogs are born via C-section.

Grooming and Care

• Wrinkles: Daily cleaning and drying of facial folds and the tail pocket.
• Brushing: Weekly brushing.
• Bottom Wiping: Some Bulldogs cannot reach their own rear ends and need help keeping clean.

Nutrition

Bulldogs love to eat and will get fat if you let them.

• Gas: They are prone to flatulence. A high-quality diet can help, but it won’t eliminate it.

Is a Bulldog Right for You?

The Bulldog is a wonderful but expensive companion.

Yes, if:

• You want a calm, affectionate, lazy dog.
• You live in an apartment.
• You have air conditioning.
• You are prepared for significant veterinary bills.

No, if:

• You want a jogging partner.
• You want a dog that can live outside.
• You are repulsed by drool, snoring, and gas.
• You cannot afford the potential healthcare costs.

For those who love them, there is no other breed. The Bulldog is a character, a comedian, and a devoted friend who asks for nothing more than a spot on the sofa and a scratch behind the ears.